Attack triggers

Studies suggest that 50% of people with HAE report their first symptoms by the age of 10 and most people have experienced symptoms/their first attack before age 18.

Although there are exceptions, HAE symptoms are usually mild in young children, however, attacks have been reported in children as early as 1 year of age. The frequency and severity of HAE attacks may increase during puberty and adolescence.

COMMON HAE TRIGGERS

Common HAE triggers are:

• Anxiety
• Stress
• Minor trauma
• Surgery
• Ailments such as colds/flu/other viral infections

People with HAE have also reported other triggers such as:

• Exposure to cold
• Activities that cause mechanical trauma such as gardening, hammering, or shoveling

HORMONES

In women, menstruation and pregnancy can affect HAE symptoms. Some women with HAE report an increase in the number of attacks during their menstrual periods. The scientific literature reveals that there is considerable variation in the frequency of attacks experienced by pregnant women with HAE.

Use of estrogen-derived medicines, such as oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy, is also associated with an increase in the frequency and severity of HAE attacks.

People with HAE should consult with their HAE treating physician regarding alternative, non-estrogen, birth control options. 

ACE INHIBITORS

Often used to treat high blood pressure, ace inhibitors are known to increase the frequency and severity of HAE attacks and, therefore, should be avoided. 

DENTAL PROCEDURES

Trauma to the mouth caused by dental procedures can trigger oral swelling and increase the risk of throat/airway swelling. Consult with your HAE treating physician before undergoing dental procedures.